DIY Woodworking: How to Use a Router Table as a Planer

Introduction to Router Tables and Planers

When working with wood, achieving a smooth, even surface is essential. Planers and router tables are two versatile tools that help accomplish this task. A planer is specifically designed to shave off thin layers of wood, while a router table provides a stable platform for routing various shapes and profiles. Did you know that it’s possible to use a router table as a planer? Let’s explore how and why you would want to do this.

Why Use a Router Table as a Planer?

There are a few reasons why you might consider using a router table as a planer:

1. Cost savings: If you already own a router table, using it as a planer can save you from purchasing a separate planning tool.
2. Space limitations: A router table occupies less space than a dedicated planer, making it an attractive option for those with limited workshop space.
3. Versatility: A router table offers more versatility than a planer, as it can perform a variety of tasks, including planning.

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Choosing the Right Router Table and Bit

Key Router Table Features

To use your router table as a planer effectively, ensure that it has the following features:

1. A sturdy, flat work surface.
2. Adjustable fence and feather boards for guiding the workpiece.
3. A powerful router motor with variable speed control.

Router Bit Considerations

Select a straight or spiral bit with carbide cutting edges for the best results. A spiral bit is preferred for its smooth cutting action and chip ejection capabilities.

Preparing for the Task

Safety Tips

Before you start, make sure to follow these safety precautions:

1. Wear eye and ear protection.
2. Use push sticks or push pads to guide the workpiece.
3. Securely clamp the workpiece to prevent movement during the planning process.

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Workpiece Preparation

Ensure the workpiece is free of nails, staples, or other debris that could damage the router bit.

The Process of Using a Router Table as a Planer

Setting Up the Router Table

1. Install the router bit and adjust the height to remove a thin layer of material (1/16″ or less) with each pass.
2. Set the fence parallel to the router bit and adjust the feather boards to hold the workpiece snugly against the fence.

Planing the Workpiece

1. Turn on the router and adjust the speed to suit the material and bit size.
2. Guide the workpiece through the router table, keeping it firmly against the fence and applying downward pressure to ensure it remains flat on the table.
3.  Make multiple passes, adjusting the router bit height incrementally to remove more material until the desired thickness is achieved.
4. Flip the workpiece and repeat the process for the other side to create a parallel surface.

Tips for a Smooth Finish

1. Use sharp, high-quality router bits to minimize tear-out and ensure a clean cut.
2. Take shallow passes to reduce the strain on the router motor and avoid burning the wood.
3. Feed the workpiece slowly and steadily to maintain control and prevent chatter marks.
4. Sand the planed surface with progressively finer grits of sandpaper to achieve a smooth finish.

Pros and Cons of Using a Router Table as a Planer

Pros

1. Cost-effective: Using a router table as a planer eliminates the need for a separate planning tool.
2. Space-saving: A router table takes up less space in your workshop compared to a dedicated planer.
3. Versatile: In addition to planning, a router table can be used for various woodworking tasks, such as edge profiling and joinery.

Cons

1. Slower process: Planing with a router table may take longer than using a dedicated planer due to the need for multiple passes and manual adjustments.
2. Limited capacity: A router table may not be suitable for planning very wide or thick workpieces.

Conclusion

Using a router table as a planer can be a cost-effective and space-saving solution for woodworkers with limited resources or workshop space. With the right setup, router bit selection, and proper technique, you can achieve smooth, even surfaces on your workpieces. However, it’s essential to weigh the pros and cons to determine if this method is suitable for your specific needs and projects.

FAQs

Q1: Can any router table be used as a planer?

A: While most router tables can be used for planning, it’s important to ensure that the table has a sturdy, flat surface and an adjustable fence and feather boards for guiding the workpiece.

Q2: What type of router bit should I use for planning?

A: A straight or spiral bit with carbide cutting edges is recommended for planning. Spiral bits are preferred for their smooth cutting action and chip ejection capabilities.

Q3: How thick of a layer should I remove with each pass?

A: To avoid tear-out and strain on the router motor, it’s best to remove a thin layer of material (1/16″ or less) with each pass.

Q4: What speed should I set my router to when using it as a planer?

A: The optimal speed depends on the material and bit size, but generally, it’s best to start with a slower speed and adjust as needed.

Q5: Can I use a router table to plane very wide or thick workpieces?

A: The capacity of a router table for planning depends on its size and the router motor’s power. In some cases, a router table may not be suitable for planning very wide or thick workpieces.